Safe sleep for babies: the AAP's rules

Safe sleep (AAP): on the back, firm flat surface, empty crib, room sharing, swaddling, pacifier, overheating

Reviewed October 19, 2026against 2 sources, listed below

At a glance

On the back for every nap and every night, up to 1 year. On the side is as dangerous as on the stomach.
A firm, flat surface (a crib, bassinet or play yard that meets CPSC standards) with only a fitted sheet. Nothing inclined more than 10 degrees.
Nothing else in the crib: no pillows, blankets, quilts, bumpers, toys or mattress toppers.
Room share, not bed share, for at least the first 6 months; it can cut SIDS risk by up to half. After a feed in your bed, put the baby back in their own space before you fall asleep. Never fall asleep with the baby on a couch or armchair.
Asleep in a car seat, swing, stroller or carrier: move them to a flat surface on their back as soon as you can.
Swaddling doesn't lower SIDS risk. Swaddled babies go on their back; stop swaddling at the first signs of trying to roll (often around 3 to 4 months, sometimes earlier).
A pacifier at naps and bedtime helps, even if it falls out (for breastfed babies, once breastfeeding is going well). Never on a cord around the neck.
Dress the baby in one layer more than an adult would wear; no hat indoors; watch for sweating or a hot chest.
No weighted blankets, sleepers or swaddles.
Why it matters (CDC): about 3,400 babies under 1 die suddenly and unexpectedly each year in the US, most during sleep; the CDC backs these AAP steps to prevent it.

Livia estimates when the next nap is likely from your baby's own sleeps, so the safe sleep space can be ready before the yawns start.

Education from the sources listed, not medical advice. If you're worried about your child, call your pediatrician; in an emergency, call 911.